7/3/2023 0 Comments Backward digit span subtest![]() Findings suggest a general advantage of musicians over nonmusicians in verbal working memory tasks, with a possible role of sensory modality and task complexity. In addition, the auditory and audiovisual spans (but not visual) were correlated with one subscale of the PROMS test. Musicians had larger spans than nonmusicians regardless of the sensory modality and the concurrent task. Finally, music abilities of all participants were assessed using the Profile of Music Perception Skills (PROMS) test. The task was performed with or without a concurrent task (i.e., articulatory suppression) in order to explore the role of rehearsal strategies and also manipulate task complexity. Here, musicians and nonmusicians performed a digit span task that was presented aurally, visually, or audiovisually. In addition, it is unclear whether there are specific music abilities linked with improved performance in the digit span. Literature suggests that the musicians’ advantage unfolds along two axes: sensory modality (musicians perform better when the task is auditory) and task complexity (musicians tend to perform better in the forward and not - for example - backward digit span). DSF measures short-term memory, not working memory. The Digit Span subtest includes three tasks: Digit Span Forward (DSF), Digit Span Backward (DSB), and the new Digit Span Sequencing (DSS). This superiority extends to memory tasks such as the digit span. The WMI consists of two primary subtests, Digit Span and Arithmetic, and the supplemental LetterNumber Sequencing. The theoretical implications and practical importance of these findings are broadly discussed.Musicians have superior performances compared to nonmusicians in many auditory perception tasks. Unlike its predecessor, the WMS-IV permits one to substitute scores from the California Verbal Learning Test-II. Considering the evidence observed in the present study and other similar works, it is very likely that sex differences in performing memory strategies, but not in the true size of short term memory, are the underlying reasons of the observed differences. The Symbol Span subtest may also be administered, although a Visual Working Memory Index is not obtainable. However, analyzing the frequency of extreme scores revealed that females were slightly overrepresented in the lower tail of the score distribution. Similar to some previous studies, no significant difference was observed between males and females' mean score. To this end, a sample of 120 young adults ranging from 16 to 25 years old from Persian population was measured and the memory span scores were analyzed using the classical method of comparing the mean score as well as the relatively new method of comparing the frequency of extreme performances. For Reliable Digit Span, the optimal cut-score was 6, with sensitivity of 51 and specificity of 92. The focus of this article was to study potential sex differences in verbal forward digit span. The value of the WISC-IV Digit Span subtest in detecting noncredible performance during pediatric neuropsychological examinations Arch Clin Neuropsychol. Digit Span Sequencing was added to increase the working memory demands of the Digit Span subtest relative to the previous version, in response to research indicating different cognitive demands for the Digit Span Forward and Digit Span Backward tasks. In spite of numerous attempts, the previous studies yielded inconsistent results. Nevertheless, sex differences in digit span as an index of the phonological loop-one of the main components of the working memory system-remain puzzling. The overarching role of working memory, its characteristics, and functions in our cognitive system is crystal clear.
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